Network topology

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Network topology :-

·      Design of network

·      The layout of connected devices

·      Topology is a network & virtual shape or structure.

1.  Bus Topology :-

·       Uses a trunk or backbone to which all of the computers on the network connected.

·       It is a linear network.

·       Systems connected to this backbone using T connectors or Taps.

·       Coaxial cabling (10 base-2, 10 base-5) were popular options years ago.

Advantages of Bus topology :-

·       Cheap & easy to implement

·       Require less cable

·       Doesn’t use any specialized network equipment.

Disadvantages :-

· Network disruption when computers are added or removed.

·      A break in the cable will prevent all system accessing the network.

            ·      Difficult to troubleshoot..

2.  Ring topology :-

·  Data travel in circular fashion from one computer to another in network.

·   Ring network’s are most commonly wired in a physical star configuration.

·   Typically FDDI,SONET, or token ring technology are used to implement a ring network.

· Token ring has multi-station access unit(MSAU) equivalent HUB or SWITCH. MSAU performs the token circulation internally.

Advantages :-

·       Cables faults are easily located making troubleshooting easier.

·       Ring networks are moderately easy to install.

Disadvantages :-

·       Expansion to network can cause network disruption.

·       A single break in the cable can disrupt the entire network.

3.  Star topology :-

·       All computers or devices connected to a central device called HUB or SWITCH.

·       Each devices requires a single cable point to point connection between the device  & HUB.

·       Most widely implemented.

Advantages :-

·       Easily expanded without disruption.

·       Cable failure affects only a single user.

·       Easy to troubleshoot & isolated problem.

Disadvantages :-

·       Require more cables.

·       A central connecting device allows for a single point of failure.

·       More difficult to implement.

4.  Tree topology :-

·       Combines characteristics of bus & star topology.

· Consist of groups of star configured workstation connected to a linear bus backbone cable.

·       Tree topologies allow for the expansion of existing network.

Advantages:-

·       Point to point wiring for individual segment.

·       Easy to troubleshoot.

Disadvantages:-

·       Overall length of each segment is limited by the types of cabling used.

·       If the backbone line breaks, the entire segment goes down.

5.  Mesh topology :-

·       Each computers connects to every others.

·       High level of redundancy.

·       May be used in WAN.

·       Wiring is very complicated.

Advantages :-

·       Provide redundant paths between devices.

disadvantages :-

·       Require more cable then the other LAN topologies complicated implementation.

6.  Hybrid topology :-

·       Combination of all topology.

·       When two or more than topology are connected each other is called hybrid.

·       Complicated to handle.

·       Different type of cable, connecters devices are here.

·       Thus topology are used when a transition are occurred between two topology.

NOTE:-now a days bus & ring topology Don’t  use in organisation.